Equipped with letters from the ‘be’ group and ‘alif’, let’s take a look at some words now. We’ll start with words that begin with ‘alif’, i.e; words where ‘alif’ is in the initial position. (More on positions later.)

Let's start by looking at the word "aap", meaning "you":

Above: The word "aap"

We can clearly see that this can be written simply by using an ‘alif madd’ and placing a ‘pe’ after it. Look at the break-down below. Once again, remember to read right-to-left:

Above: ‘alif madd’ + ‘pe’ = “aap”

Similarly, let's look at the word "aab", meaning "water", created simply by using an ‘alif madd’ and a ‘be’:

Above: ‘alif madd’ + ‘be’ = “aab”

Well, that was simple, wasn’t it? We just saw how to create our very first words in Urdu. Commit this to memory. Things start getting more interesting from here.